《Mysql必讀在CentOS上MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器配置方法》要點：
本文介紹了Mysql必讀在CentOS上MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器配置方法，希望對您有用。如果有疑問，可以聯(lián)系我們。
無意中還找到了CentOS的專業(yè)論壇,記住：http://www.centospub.com
于是,開端的學習配置MYSQL學習
本次情況：MYSQL學習
CentOS系統(tǒng),MYSQL學習
mysql-server(版本忘了,因為是使用yum安裝的)MYSQL學習
過程如下(轉(zhuǎn)載,根據(jù)本人安裝詳細要求,略加改動) ：MYSQL學習
在提到網(wǎng)站構架的時候,我們經(jīng)常能夠看到“LAMP”的說法,它就是“Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP”. MySQL+PHP的協(xié)同成功案例已經(jīng)很多了.比如國外的PHPBB,VBB,國內(nèi)的Discuz!論壇等等程序,都是用PHP + MySQL實現(xiàn)的.和那些商務專用數(shù)據(jù)庫比起來,MySQL的功能和規(guī)模可能被好多人說的遜色一些,但對于我們個人來說,它的功能已經(jīng)算是完備.而且,通 過Discuz!官方論壇上同時在線人數(shù)的數(shù)目,也可以證明MySQL的穩(wěn)定性.
這里,介紹一下CentOS下MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器的構建辦法.?
MYSQL學習
首先,安裝MySQL.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?yum -y install mysql-server ?← 安裝MySQL
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
dag 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00
base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00
extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
Reading repository metadata in from local files
primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 106 kB 00:00
update : ################################################## 261/261
Added 5 new packages, deleted 0 old in 2.02 seconds
Reducing Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux to included packages only
Finished
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for mysql-server to pack into transaction set.
mysql-server-4.1.20-1.RHE 100% |=========================| 29 kB 00:00
---> Package mysql-server.i386 0:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.14(libmysqlclient_14) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.14 for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.14(libmysqlclient_14) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.14 for package: mysql-server
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for perl-DBD-MySQL to pack into transaction set.
perl-DBD-MySQL-2.9004-3.1 100% |=========================| 5.4 kB 00:00
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:2.9004-3.1 set to be updated
---> Downloading header for mysql to pack into transaction set.
mysql-4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1.i3 100% |=========================| 35 kB 00:00
---> Package mysql.i386 0:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 set to be updated
---> Downloading header for perl-DBI to pack into transaction set.
perl-DBI-1.40-8.i386.rpm 100% |=========================| 11 kB 00:00
---> Package perl-DBI.i386 0:1.40-8 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Dependencies ResolvedMYSQL學習
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server i386 4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 update 9.8 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql i386 4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 update 2.9 M
perl-DBD-MySQL i386 2.9004-3.1 base 111 k
perl-DBI i386 1.40-8 base 466 kMYSQL學習
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 13 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): perl-DBD-MySQL-2.9 100% |=========================| 111 kB 00:00
(2/4): mysql-server-4.1.2 100% |=========================| 9.8 MB 00:11
(3/4): mysql-4.1.20-1.RHE 100% |=========================| 2.9 MB 00:03
(4/4): perl-DBI-1.40-8.i3 100% |=========================| 466 kB 00:01
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: perl-DBI ######################### [1/4]
Installing: mysql ######################### [2/4]
Installing: perl-DBD-MySQL ######################### [3/4]
Installing: mysql-server ######################### [4/4]MYSQL學習
Installed: mysql-server.i386 0:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1
Dependency Installed: mysql.i386 0:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:2.9004-3.1 perl-DBI.i386 0:1.40-8
Complete!
|
然后,安裝PHP拜訪MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的工具“php-mysql”.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?yum -y install php-mysql ?← 安裝php-mysql
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
Reducing Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux to included packages only
Finished
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for php-mysql to pack into transaction set.
php-mysql-4.3.9-3.15.i386 100% |=========================| 18 kB 00:00
---> Package php-mysql.i386 0:4.3.9-3.15 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Dependencies ResolvedMYSQL學習
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
php-mysql i386 4.3.9-3.15 update 35 kMYSQL學習
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 35 k
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): php-mysql-4.3.9-3. 100% |=========================| 35 kB 00:00
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: php-mysql ######################### [1/1]MYSQL學習
Installed: php-mysql.i386 0:4.3.9-3.15
Complete!
|
然后,設置裝備擺設MySQL.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?vi /etc/my.cnf ?← 編纂MySQL的配置文件
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).
old_passwords=1 ?← 找到這一行,在這一行的下面添加新的規(guī)則,讓MySQL的默認編碼為UTF-8
default-character-set = utf8 ?← 添加這一行
然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下語句：
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
|
啟動MySQL,并讓MySQL在系統(tǒng)重新啟動后隨系統(tǒng)自動啟動.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?chkconfig mysqld on ?← 設置MySQL服務隨系統(tǒng)啟動自啟動
[root@sample ~]#?chkconfig --list mysqld ?← 確認MySQL自啟動
mysqld 0:off 1:off?2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off ?← 如果2--5為on的狀態(tài)就OK
[root@sample ~]#?/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ?← 啟動MySQL服務
Initializing MySQL database: [?OK?]
Starting MySQL: [?OK?]
|
[1]為MySQL的root用戶設置暗碼
MySQL在剛剛被安裝的時候,它的root用戶是沒有被設置暗碼的.首先來設置MySQL的root暗碼.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root ?← 用root用戶登錄MySQL服務器
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?select user,host,password from mysql.user; ?← 查看用戶信息
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
| root | localhost | | ?← root暗碼為空?
| root | sample.centospub.com | | ?← root暗碼為空
| | sample.centospub.com | |
| | localhost | |
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?set password for root@localhost=password('在這里填入root暗碼'); ?← 設置root暗碼
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?set password for root@'sample.centospub.com'=password('在這里填入root暗碼'); ?← 設置root暗碼
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?select user,host,password from mysql.user; ?← 查看用戶信息
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| root | localhost |?19b68057189b027f?| ?← root暗碼被設置
| root | sample.centospub.com |?19b68057189b027f?| ?← root暗碼被設置
| | sample.centospub.com | |
| | localhost | |
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit ?← 退出MySQL服務器
Bye
|
然后,測試一下root暗碼有沒有生效.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root ?← 通過空暗碼用root登錄
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ?← 出現(xiàn)此錯誤信息說明暗碼設置成功
[root@localhost ~]#?mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com ?← 通過空暗碼用root登錄
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ?← 出現(xiàn)此錯誤信息說明暗碼設置成功
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root -p ?← 通過暗碼用root登錄
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ?← 確認用暗碼能夠成功登錄
Your MySQL connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit
Bye
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com -p ?← 通過暗碼用root登錄
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ?← 確認用暗碼能夠成功登錄
Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 4.1.20MYSQL學習
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit ?← 退出MySQL服務器
Bye
|
[2] 刪除匿名用戶
在MySQL剛剛被安裝后,存在用戶名、暗碼為空的用戶.這使得數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器有無需暗碼被登錄的可能性.為消除隱患,將匿名用戶刪除.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root -p ?← 通過暗碼用root登錄
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?select user,host from mysql.user; ?← 查看用戶信息
+------+----------------------------+
| user | host |
+------+----------------------------+
| | localhost |MYSQL學習
| |?127.0.0.1 |
| root | localhost |
| | sample.centospub.com |
| root | sample.centospub.com |
+------+----------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.02 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?delete from mysql.user where user=''; ?← 刪除匿名用戶
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?select user,host from mysql.user; ?← 查看用戶信息
+------+----------------------------+
| user | host |
+------+----------------------------+
| root | localhost |
| root | sample.centospub.com |
+------+----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit ?← 退出MySQL服務器
Bye
|
[3] 刪除測試用數(shù)據(jù)庫
在MySQL被安裝后,存在名為test的空數(shù)據(jù)庫,將它刪除.這里要注意的是,系統(tǒng)默認的還有一個名為mysql的數(shù)據(jù)庫,它用于系統(tǒng)治理,所以請不要刪除.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root -p ?← 通過暗碼用root登錄
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?show databases; ?← 查看系統(tǒng)已存在的數(shù)據(jù)庫
+-------------+
| Database |
+-------------+
| mysql |
| test |
+------------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?drop database test; ?← 刪革職為test的空數(shù)據(jù)庫
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?show databases; ?← 查看系統(tǒng)已存在的數(shù)據(jù)庫
+-------------+
| Database |
+-------------+
| mysql | ?← 確認名為test的數(shù)據(jù)庫被刪除,已不存在
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習 mysql>?exit ?← 退出MySQL服務器
Bye |
下面對MySQL進行測試.包含建立新用戶,以及用對關系性數(shù)據(jù)庫進行數(shù)據(jù)庫操作的指令來試著建立數(shù)據(jù)庫及數(shù)據(jù)表.這里,新建用戶以centospub為例.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root -p ?← 通過暗碼用root登錄
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?grant all privileges on test.* to centospub@localhost identified by '在這里定義暗碼'; ?← 建立對test數(shù)據(jù)庫有完全操作權限的名為centospub的用戶
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ?← 確認centospub用戶的存在與否
+---------+
| user |
+---------+
|?centospub?| ?← 確認centospub已經(jīng)被樹立
+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit ?← 退出MySQL服務器
Bye
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u centospub -p ?← 用新建立的centospub用戶登錄MySQL服務器
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10 to server version: 4.1.20MYSQL學習
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?create database test; ?← 樹立名為test的數(shù)據(jù)庫
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?show databases; ?← 查看系統(tǒng)已存在的數(shù)據(jù)庫
+-------------+
| Database |
+-------------+
| test |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?use test ?← 連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫
Database changed
mysql>?create table test(num int, name varchar(50)); ?← 在數(shù)據(jù)庫中樹立表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?show tables; ?← 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫中已存在的表
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+-------------------+
| test |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?insert into test values(1,'Hello World!'); ?← 插入一個值到表中
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?select * from test; ?← 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表的信息
+------+-------------------+
| num | name |
+------+-------------------+
| 1 |?Hello World!? |
+------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?update test set name='Hello Everyone!'; ?← 更新表的信息,賦予新的值
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0MYSQL學習
mysql>?select * from test; ?← 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表的信息
+------+----------------------+
| num | name |
+------+----------------------+
| 1 |?Hello Everyone!?| ?← 確認被更新到新的值
+------+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?delete from test where num=1; ?← 刪除表內(nèi)的值
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?select * from test; ?← 確認刪除成果
Empty set (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?drop table test; ?← 刪除表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?show tables; ?← 查看表信息
Empty set (0.00 sec) ?← 確認表已被刪除MYSQL學習
mysql>?drop database test; ?← 刪革職為test的數(shù)據(jù)庫
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?show databases; ?← 查看已存在的數(shù)據(jù)庫
Empty set (0.01 sec) ?← 確認test數(shù)據(jù)庫已被刪除(這里非root用戶的關系,看不到名為mysql的數(shù)據(jù)庫)MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit ?← 退出MySQL服務器
Bye
|
然后,刪除測試用過的遺留用戶.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?mysql -u root -p ?← 通過暗碼用root登錄
Enter password: ?← 在這里輸入暗碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.MYSQL學習
mysql>?revoke all privileges on *.* from centospub@localhost; ?← 撤消centospub用戶對數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?delete from mysql.user where user='centospub' and host='localhost'; ?← 刪除centospub用戶
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ?← 查找用戶centospub,確認已刪除與否
Empty set (0.01 sec) ?← 確認centospub用戶已不存在MYSQL學習
mysql>?flush privileges; ?← 刷新,使以上操作生效
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MYSQL學習
mysql>?exit
Bye
|
末了,重新啟動一次HTTP服務,讓php-mysql反映到HTTP服務中.
MYSQL學習
[root@sample ~]#?/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart ?← 重新啟動HTTP服務
Stopping httpd: [?OK?]
Starting httpd: [?OK?] |
?終于搞掂!MYSQL學習
(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……,接下來設置裝備擺設phpmyadmin....MYSQL學習
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